![65 to 75 year old gay porn 65 to 75 year old gay porn](https://fiverr-res.cloudinary.com/t_profile_original,q_auto,f_auto/attachments/profile/photo/ff85cd623d43b897b390f66a911e5627-1648668253459/b2473e17-46e7-4db2-9e17-c7534d3d2724.png)
Unfortunately, the lack of data for the calculation of incidence or prevalence rates also makes it difficult to build internally and externally valid models. Such models can be useful to link behaviour data collected in surveys to surveillance data of STIs (e.g., ). Secondly, by relying on mathematical modelling, which can simulate the anticipated effect of an intervention including indirect effects. Surveys, like The European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet Survey (EMIS), often use online platforms to recruit MSM and can cover sexual behaviour associated with the acquisition and transmission of STIs in detail. The impact of such interventions can be assessed in two ways: Firstly, relying on survey data to detect behaviour change over time. This makes it also difficult to identify sub-groups at a population level that contribute to the increasing case numbers, and thus would be eligible for tailored health interventions (e.g., health promotion for STI-testing or behaviour change). A major problem for transforming those case numbers into MSM-specific incidence or prevalence rates is the unknown total number of MSM (also known as the "denominator problem" ). In this context, men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) show higher case numbers for STIs like syphilis or gonorrhoeae than men-who-have-sex-with-women-only (MSW). Since the beginning of the new millennium and especially since 2010, an increase in diagnosed sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has been observed in many industrialized countries. The European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet Survey PrEP, The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: We acknowledge the financial support of the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Bielefeld University for the article processing charge. Received: Accepted: JanuPublished: February 14, 2019Ĭopyright: © 2019 Scholz et al. PLoS ONE 14(2):Įditor: Garrett Prestage, University of New South Wales, AUSTRALIA Citation: Scholz SM, Damm O, Elkenkamp S, Marcus U, Greiner W, Schmidt AJ (2019) Population size and self-reported characteristics and sexual preferences of men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) in Germany based on social network data.